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BIOCHEMISTRY III (PLANT BIOCHEMICAL PROCESSES) BSC302

Duration (approx) 100 hours
Qualification To obtain formal documentation the optional exam(s) must be completed which will incur an additional fee of £30. Alternatively, a letter of completion may be requested.

Advanced Plant Biochemistry - Affordable Online Study 

  • Learn more about biochemical processes in plants
  • Revised material with new easy to follow diagrams and illustrations 
  • Deepen your knowledge of general biochemistry
  • Study how life processes work, where living organism obtain their energy and nutrients and how these are processed to renew and develop new living materials
  • Keep on track with help from experienced science tutors

thylakoid.Lessons cover: glycolysis, electron transport, oxidative phosphorylation, carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, photosynthesis, nucleotide metabolism, enzymes, reproductive processes, hormones (and their application to horticulture) and more.

Prerequisite: Biochemistry I and II or equivalent knowledge.

 

 

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Learn more about Plant Biochemistry

This course develops a deeper understanding of how plants grow, and in doing so, has valuable and practical benefits for horticulturists, farmers, plant scientists or anyone involved in growing plants.

Lessons cover gycolysis, electron transport, oxidative  phosphorylation, carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, photosynthesis, nucleotide metabolism, enzymes, reproductive processes, hormones and more.

Nominal Duration: 100 hours

PREREQUISITE: Biochemistry I and II or equivalent knowledge.


COURSE AIMS
  • Explain the interaction between the various biochemical processes within the plant cell
  • Explain the process of glycolysis. 
  • Describe the transport mechanism of bio-chemicals through plant membranes. 
  • Explain the processes of electron transfer and oxidative phosphorylation, and their importance to energy regulation in plants. 
  • Explain the structure and metabolism of carbohydrates
  • Explain the metabolism of lipids.
  • Explain the processes of photosynthesis and the role of the light and dark reactions of photosynthesis in the growth of plants. 
  • Explain biochemical nucleotide metabolism.
  • Explain enzyme reactions and catalysis in biochemistry.
  • Explain metabolic processes relevant to reproduction in plants.
  • Explain other biochemical processes including biochemical communication through hormones.

CONTENTS

There are eleven lessons in this module as follows:

1. Introduction - Introduction to Metablism, Energy Transfer within the Cell

2. Glycolysis- ATP, Glycolysis, Pentose Phosphate Pathway

3. Movement Through Membranes - Lipids and Fats, Membranes, Kinetics and Mechanisms of Transport, Ionophores, Aquaporins.

4. Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation - Mitochondria, Electron Transport, Oxidative Phosphorylation, Citric Acid Cycle, Controls of ATP Production

5. Sugar and Polysaccharide Metabolism - Monosaccharides, Disaccharides, Polysaccharides, Sucrose, Starches, Starch Biosynthesis, Carbohydrate Metabolism, Gluconeogenesis, Cell Wall

6. Lipid Metabolism - Lipids, Fatty Acid Biosynthesis, Glycerolipid and Phospholipid Formation, TAG Formation, Fatty Acid Oxidation, Wound Sealing

7. Photosynthesis- Chloroplasts, Light Reactions, Dark Reactions, Photorespiration, CAM

8. Nucleotide Metabolism - Nucleotides, Nitrogen Fixation, Assimilation of Ammonia into Amino Acids, Formation of Deoxyribonucleotides, Nucleotide Degradation.

9.  Enzyme Activity - Enzyme Classification, Kinetics, Regulation

10. Reproductive Processes in Plants - Sexual and Asexual Reproduction, Gene Expression, RNA and Protein Synthesis, Eukaryotic DNA Replication

11. Other Processes - Hormones, Growth Regulators, Other Hormones, Use of Plant Hormones in Horticulture.

 

Biochemistry is Dynamic.

Chemicals are what makes up the living tissue of the plant; and those individual chemicals are constantly changing. This process of continual change is what we call metabolism or metabolic change.

A plant's metabolism constantly builds new chemicals and changes existing chemicals into different ones. Through these dynamic changes, the plant captures and uses energy; discards bits that are not required and captures new chemicals that are needed.
It's all a very complex web of activity; which no one fully understands. Over time science continues to learn more and more; and with an ever increasing understanding of plant biochemistry, we are continuing to find more and more practical applications to help us grow and utilize plants, for the overall benefit of mankind, the environment and all living things.

Why Do Chemical Reactions Happen at All
Chemical reactions would not occur unless something stimulated to occur. Often it is an enzyme that triggers the process.

Enzyme catalysed reactions
Many reactions in biochemistry can not proceed without the assistance of enzymes, which greatly reduce the energy required for the reaction to proceed. Enzymes are given a terminology depending on the type of reaction they catalyse.  Enzymes can be broadly categorised based on the type of reaction they catalyse:

  • Ligase (reactions joining biomolecules together)
  • Oxidoreductase (oxidation/reduction reactions)
  • Transferase (transfer functional groups between molecules)
  • Isomerases (reactions where molecules undergo structural changes)
  • Hydrolases (reacts where the addition of water splits a molecule into smaller molecules)
  • Lyases (reactions that break molecular bonds, by methods other than hydrolysis or oxidation)

Coenzymes
Also known as co-factors, these are the small ions and molecules that interact with enzymes to increase their efficiency.  There are three main classes of coenzymes:

  • Metal Ions
  • Organic Molecules
  • Prosthetic Groups (permanently associated with the enzyme by strong molecular bonds)

Through this course, you have an opportunity to expand your understanding and appreciation for how plants grow; how crops become productive, and much more.

 

 

 

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Meet some of our academics

Marie Beerman B.Sc.,M.Hort.Marie has been involved in horticulture since 2003. She completed a Masters degree in Horticulture at Hannover University in Germany in 2007, and has worked with ACS since 2011 She has co-authored of several ebooks including one on Roses and has a very sound knowledge and experience with horticultural science and research ranging from plant taxonomy and plant breeding to pest, disease and soil management.,
Maggi BrownMaggi is regarded as an expert in organic growing throughout the UK, having worked for two decades as Education Officer at the world renowned Henry Doubleday Research Association. She has been active in education, environmental management and horticulture across the UK for more than three decades. Some of Maggi's qualifications include RHS Cert. Hort. Cert. Ed. Member RHS Life Member Garden Organic (HDRA) .
Diana Cole (Horticulturist)Horticulturist, Permaculturist, Landscaper, Environmentalist. Holds a Diploma in Horticulture, degree in geography, permaculture certificate and various other qualifications. Between 1985 and 94, Diana was a task leader with the British Trust for Conservation Volunteers. Since 2001 she has been chairperson of the Friends of Mellor Park (with Stockport MDC). From 2005 she has worked exclusively in horticulture as proprietor of her own garden design and consultancy business in and around Derbyshire; and at the same time as part time manager of a small garden centre. Diana has been an enthusiastic and very knowledgeable tutor with ACS since 2008.
Yvonne Sharpe (Horticulturist)Started gardening in 1966, studied a series of horticulture qualifications throughout the 1980's and 90's, culminating in an RHS Master of Horticulture. Between 89 and 1994, she worked teaching in horticultural therapy. Founded the West Herts Garden Association in 1990 and exhibited at Chelsea Flower Show in 1991. In 1994, Yvonne joined the staff at Oaklands College, and between 1996 and 2000 was coordinator for all Amenity Horticulture courses at that college. Since leaving Oakland she has been active as a horticultural consultant, retail garden centre proprietor and sessional lecturer (across many colleges in southern England). In 2000, she also completed a Diploma in Management.


Check out our eBooks

Plant LanguageAn essential companion for any horticulture enthusiast, professional or student, this ebook will help you pronounce and understand plant names.
Organic GardeningFor decades farmers have relied upon chemicals to control pests and diseases in order to produce saleable crops. In the ornamental, vegetable and fruit gardens reliance on chemical controls has also been the mainstay for many gardeners.
Fruit, Vegetables and HerbsThe Fruit, Vegetables and Herbs ebook is ideal for students, professionals and home gardening enthusiasts alike. Fruit, Vegetable and Herbs provides an overview in techniques to produce food in the garden. Topics covered within this course include 1/ Food from the garden, 2/ Deciding what to grow, 3/ Successful growing, 4/ Fruits, 4-1/ Deciduous fruit trees, 4-2/ Citrus fruits, 4-3/ Tropical fruits, 4-4/ Berries, 4-5/ Nuts, 4-6/ Vine crops, 4-7/ Using produce, 5/ Vegetables, 6/ Mushrooms, 7/ Special growing techniques
Plant Pests & DiseasesAre you one of those people that kill every plant you touch? Perhaps it's not you. Perhaps it's a pest or disease. A little bit of reading might just turn your garden into an oasis. Learn how to identify pests and diseases and bring the spring back into your plant...visit the bookshop to find out more...